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| Front
Cover Index A Index B How To Use This Manual/Introduction What is a Pest? How to Identify and Control Pests: Needle Discoloration Air Pollution InuryNeedle Feeding Bagworm Shoot/Branch Injury Adana Tip Moth Shoot/Branch Galls Cedar-Apple Rust Dead Tree and Stem/Root Injury Allegheny Mound AntPesticide Use What You Should Know About Pesticides TypesGuidelines for Safe Use of Pesticides Selecting PesticidesPesticide Poisoning Poisoning SymptomsReferences General |
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| Common Name | Scientific Name |
| Pests Adana tip moth Allegheny mound ant aphids (also see spotted pine aphid; xx white pine aphid) Anomala beetle-see pine chafer Armillaria root rot bagworm balsam fir needle rust balsam gall midge balsam twig aphid broom rust of fir brown spot needle blight cedar-apple rust Cooley spruce gall adelgid Cyclaneusma needlecast (=Naemacyclus) Cytospora canker (=Valsa canker) - see xxLeucostoma canker deer Diplodia shoot blight and canker-see xxSphaeropsis shoot blight Dothistroma needle blight eastern gall rust eastern pine shoot borer eastern spruce gall adelgid eriophyid mites European pine sawfly European pine shoot moth grasshoppers green spruce needleminer Gremmeniella canker-see Scleroderris canker gypsy moth hare, snowshoe introduced pine sawfly jack pine budworm jack pine tip beetle juniper webworm Leucostoma canker Lirula needlecast Lophodermium needlecast meadow vole (mouse) Naemacyclus needlecast-see Cyclaneusma xxneedlecast Nantucket pine tip moth northern pine weevil northern pitch twig moth Pales weevil Phytophthora root rot pine bark adelgid pine chafer (Anomala beetle) pine false webworm pine grosbeak pine needle midge pine needle rust pine needle scale pine root collar weevil pine root tip weevil |
Rhyacionia adana Heinrich Formica exsectoides Forel Cinara spp. Armillaria spp. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haworth) Uredinopsis spp. and Milesina spp. Paradiplosis tumifex Gagne Mindarus abietinus Koch Melampsorella caryophyllacearum J. Schrot Mycosphaerella dearnessii M.E. Barr Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae xxSchwein Adelges cooleyi (Gillette) Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, xxPeredoand Minter Odocoileus virginianus Miller Mycosphaerella pini Rostr. Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex. Shirai, Eucosma gloriola Heinrich Adelges abietis L. Setoptus spp. Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis & Schiffermuller) Melanoplus spp. Epinotia nanana (Treitschke) Lymantria dispar L. Lepus americanus Erxleben Diprion similis (Hartig) Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman Conopthorus banksianae McPherson Dichomeris marginella (Fabricius) Leucostoma kunzei (Fr.:Fr.) Munk Lirula nervata (Darker) Darker Lirula mirabilis (Darker) Darker Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley and xxMillar Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord) Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) Pissodes approximatus Hopkins Petrova albicapitana (Busck) Hylobius pales (Herbst) Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands; Phytophthora xxspp. Pineus strobi (Hartig) Anomala oblivia Horn Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.) Pinicola emicleator lecura (Müller) Contarinia baeri (Prell) Coleosporium asterum (Diet.) Syd and P. Syd Chionaspis pinifoliae (Fitch) Hylobius radicis (Buchanan) Hylobius rhizophagus Millers, Benjamin, & xxWagner |
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| Common Name | Scientific Name |
| pine shoot beetle pine spittlebug pine thrips pine tortoise scale pine tube moth pine tussock moth pine vole pine webworm pine wood nematode pitch nodule maker-see northern pitch xxtwig moth pocket gopher porcupine rabbit, cottontail redheaded pine sawfly Rhabdocline needlecast Rhizosphaera needle blight of firs Rhizosphaera needlecast of spruce Saratoga spittlebug Scleroderris canker (=Gremmeniella canker) Sphaeropsis shoot blight and canker (=Diplodia) spotted pine aphid spruce bud scale spruce budworm spruce needleminer spruce needle rusts spruce spider mite Swiss needlecast thirteen-lined ground squirrel webworms-see juniper webworm, pine xxfalse webworm, and pine webworm western gall rust white grubs white pine aphid white pine blister rust white pine weevil wood borers and bark beetles yellow-bellied sapsucker Zimmerman pine moth Trees Austrian pine balsam fir Black Hills spruce Colorado blue spruce Douglas-fir eastern red cedar eastern white pine Englemann spruce Fraser fir Norway spruce red pine Scotch pine Sitka spruce white fir white spruce |
Tomicus piniperda
L. Aphrophora parallela (Say) Gnophothrips spp. Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell) Argyrotaenia pinatubana (Kearfott) Dasychira pinicola (Dyar) Microtus pinetorum (Le Conte) Tetralopha robustella Zeller Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle Geomys bursarius (Shaw) Erithizon dorsatum L. Sylvilagus floridanus (J.A. Allen) Neodiprion lecontei (Fitch) Rhabdocline pseudotsugae Syd. Rhizosphaera pini (Corda) Maubl. Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak Aphrophora saratogensis (Fitch) Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) M. Morelet Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.:Fr.) Dyko xxand B. Sutton Eulachnus agilis (Kaltenbach) Physokermes piceae (Schrank) Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) Endothenia albolineana (Kearfott) Chrysomyxa spp. Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) Phaeocryptopus gäumanni (T. Rohde) Petr. Spermophilus tridecemlineatus (Mitchell) Endocronartium harknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. xxHiratsuka Phyllophaga spp. Cinara strobi (Fitch) Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch. Pissodes strobi (Peck) Monochamus spp., etc.; Ips spp. Sphrapicus varius L Dioryctria zimmermani (Grote) Pinus nigra Arnold Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. Picea glauca (Moench) Voss Picea pungens (Engelm.) Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Juniperus virginiana (L.) Pinus strobus (L.) Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Picea abies (L.) Karst. Pinus resinosa Ait. Pinus sylvestris L. Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) xxLindl. ex Hildebr. Picea glauca (Moench) Voss |
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| Tree Species | Pests |
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| Douglas-fir | Allegheny mound ant, aphids, bagworm, bark beetles, Cooley spruce gall adelgid, eastern pine shoot borer, grasshoppers, gypsy moth, mites, Pales weevil, pine needle scale, spruce budworm, white pine weevil, wood borers Armillaria root rot, Rhabdocline needlecast, Swiss needlecast |
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| Eastern red cedar | Allegheny mound ant, aphids, bagworm, bark beetles, grasshoppers, gypsy moth, juniper webworm, pine needle scale, spruce spider mites, white grubs, wood borers Armillaria root rot, cedar-apple rust |
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| All Firs: | balsam, Fraser, white (concolor) Allegheny mound ant, aphids, bagworm, balsam gall midge, balsam twig aphid, grasshoppers, gypsy moth, Pales weevil, spider mites, spruce budworm, white grubs, wood borers Armillaria root rot, balsam fir needle rust, Lirula needlecast diseases, Rhizosphaera needle blight |
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| All Pines: | Austrian, eastern white, red, and
Scotch Allegheny mound ant, aphids, bark beetles, eastern pine shoot borer, eriophyid mites, grasshoppers, gypsy moth, introduced pine sawfly, mites, jack pine budworm, northern pine weevil, northern pitch twig moth, Pales weevil, pine chafer (Anomala beetle), pine needle scale, pine root collar weevil, pine shoot beetle, pine thrips, pine tortoise scale, pine webworm, redheaded pine sawfly, spider mites, webworms, white grubs, white pine weevil, wood borers, Zimmerman pine moth Armillaria root rot, pine wood nematode, Scleroderris canker |
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| Austrian | Adana tip moth, European pine sawfly, European pine shoot moth, Nantucket pine tip moth Dothistroma needle blight, Sphaeropsis (=Diplodia) shoot blight and canker |
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| Eastern White | bagworm, pine bark adelgid, pine root tip weevil, pine tube moth white pine blister rust |
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| Red | Adana tip moth, European pine sawfly, European pine shoot moth, jack pine tip beetle, Nantucket pine tip moth, pine needle midge, pine root tip weevil Lophodermium needlecast, pine needle rust, Sphaeropsis (=Diplodia) shoot blight and canker |
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| Scotch | Adana tip moth, European pine sawfly, jack pine tip beetle, Nantucket pine tip moth, pine needle midge, pine root tip weevil brown spot needle blight, Cyclaneusma (=Naemacyclus) needlecast, Lophodermium needlecast, pine needle rust, Sphaeropsis (=Diplodia) shoot blight and canker, pine-oak gall rust, pine-pine gall rust |
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| All Spruce: | Colorado blue, Englemann, Norway, Sitka, white,
and Black Hills Allegheny mound ants, aphids, bagworm, bark beetles, grasshoppers, gypsy moth, northern pine weevil, Pales weevil, pine needle scale, spruce bud scale, spruce budworm, spruce needle miners, spruce spider mites, white grubs, white pine weevil, wood borers Armillaria root rot, Leucostoma (=Cytospora) canker |
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| Colorado blue | Cooley spruce gall adelgid Rhizosphaera needlecast, spruce needle rusts |
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| Engelmann | Cooley spruce gall adelgid |
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| Sitka | Cooley spruce gall adelgid |
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| White and Black Hills | Eastern spruce gall adelgid, eastern pine shoot borer Rhizosphaera needlecast, spruce needle rusts |
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