Contents

                        Page

Section 1. Water Resources....................... 1

Section 2. Land Resources....................... 45

Section 3. Ecomap Component....................... 220

 


SECTION 1. WATER RESOURCES

Compiled by Otto S. Zapecza, Donald R. Rice and Vincent T. dePaul, U.S. Geological Survey

 

Table of Contents

                        Page

List of Electronic Files....................... ii

 

List of Figures....................... iii

 

List of Tables....................... v

 

Purpose and Scope....................... 1

 

1-1. Withdrawals of Ground Water and Surface Water

Introduction....................... 1

Highlands Water-Use Data Tables....................... 1

Data Sources, Compilation and Methods of Estimation

New Jersey Data....................... 2

New York Data....................... 3

Estimating Domestic Water Use....................... 3

 

1-2. Ground Water Level Data....................... 4

 

1-3. Streamflow Data and Baseflow Determination

Baseflow Determination at Selected Gauging Stations....................... 7

Additional Streamflow Data....................... 11

 

1-4. Watershed Assessment

Method of Analysis....................... 12

Water Budget Data....................... 16

 

1-5. Ground and Surface Water Quality

Source of Data....................... 20

Surface Water Quality Trends....................... 21

 

1-6. References....................... 36

 

1-7. Bibliography of USGS Reports

New York Highlands....................... 37

New Jersey Highlands....................... 40


Electronic files

Available on CD in back pocket

 

1995 New Jersey ground water withdrawal data = nj_wells.xls

1995 New York ground water withdrawal data = ny_wells.xls

1995 New Jersey domestic water use estimates = domusenj.xls

1995 New York domestic water use estimates = domuseny.xls

1995 New Jersey surface water withdrawal data = nj_swuse.xls

1995 New York surface water withdrawal data  = ny_swuse.xls

Total streamflow and estimated baseflow data = streamflow.xls

HUC 11 water budgets = HUC11waterbudgets.xls


List of Figures

                        Page

Figure 1-1. Water-level trends in five Highlands’ wells, Morris County, New Jersey.  A. Hydrographs showing typical seasonal water-level fluctuations.  B. Hydrograph showing

long-term water-level declines due to ground water withdrawals....................... 5

 

Figure 1-2. Ground-water data for New Jersey (web site)....................... 6

 

Figure 1-3. Location of selected streamflow gauging stations in the New York–New Jersey Highlands study area....................... 7

 

Figure 1-4. Surface-water data for New Jersey (web site)....................... 11

 

Figure 1-5. HUC 11 watersheds within the Highlands simulated in the watershed model.
(Index numbers identify HUC 11 watersheds listed in Table 1-2. below)....................... 13

 

Figure 1-6. HUC 14 watersheds within the Highlands simulated in the watershed model....................... 15

 

Figure 1-7. Percent impervious surface cover for 1995, high-constraint (HC) and
low-constraint (LC) development scenarios by HUC 11 watersheds. (HUC 11 watersheds
and map identifiers are shown in Figure 1-5)....................... 18

 

Figure 1-8. Ground water withdrawals from HUC 11 watersheds in million gallons per day
for 1995, high-constraint (HC) and low-constraint (LC) development scenarios by HUC 11 watersheds. (HUC 11 watersheds and map identifiers are shown in Figure 1-5)....................... 19

 

Figure 1-9. Water-quality data for New Jersey (web site)....................... 20

 

Figure 1-10. Location of stream sampling sites used in the water quality trends analysis....................... 23

 

Figure 1-11. Results of trend tests for total nitrogen: a) unadjusted constituent
and b) flow adjusted constituent value....................... 25

 

Figure 1-11. c). Results of trend tests for total ammonia; unadjusted constituent value....................... 26

 

Figure 1-12. Results of trend tests for total nitrite plus nitrate a) unadjusted constituent value
and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 27

 

Figure 1-13. Results of trend tests for total phosphorus a) unadjusted constituent value

and b)flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 28

 

Figure 1-14. Results of trend tests for fecal coliform (MPN) a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 29

 

Figure 1-15. Results of trend tests for dissolved chloride a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 30

 

Figure 1-16. Results of trend tests for dissolved sodium a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 31

 

Figure 1-17. Results of trend tests for specific conductance a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 32

 

Figure 1-18. Results of trend tests for total dissolved solids a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 33

 

Figure 1-19. Results of trend tests for dissolved oxygen a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 34

 

Figure 1-20. Results of trend tests pH a) unadjusted constituent value

and b) flow-adjusted constituent value....................... 35


List of Tables

                        Page

Table 1-1. Highlands’ streamflow gauging stations, their drainage area, and period of record............. ....................... 8

 

Table 1-2. Map identifiers, HUC 11 codes, and watershed names for watersheds shown in
Figure 1-5........................ 14

 

Table 1-3. Summary of trend tests for water-quality constituents at selected surface-water-quality stations in the Highlands region of New Jersey, water years 1986-95. [Modified
from Hickman and Barringer, 1999; MPN, most probable number per 100 milliliters of water]....................... 24

 


SECTION 2. LAND RESOURCES

Compiled by Colleen Hatfield, Richard Lathrop, and David Tulloch, Rutgers University Center for Remote Sensing and Spatial Analysis

 

Table of Contents

                        Page

List of Figures....................... vii

List of Tables....................... xi

List of Appendixes....................... xiv

2-1.  Introduction....................... 45

2-2. Resource Assessment and Conservation Values

Forest

  Forest and Timber....................... 47

  Forest Health....................... 54

  Forest Land Ownership....................... 60

Biodiversity....................... 65

Recreation....................... 79

Farmland....................... 93

Conservation Values Assessment ....................... 97

2-3.  Potential Changes and Resources at Risk

Population Growth

  Population Characteristics of Highlands Region’s Municipalities....................... 120

  Socio-demographic Characteristics of Highlands Region’s Counties....................... 125

Future Change Scenarios – Build-Out Analysis and Econometric Modeling

  Build-Out Analysis....................... 128

  Econometric Analysis....................... 142

Possible Consequences of Future Change to Resources

  Changes in Land Use and Land Cover....................... 153

  Landscape Indicators of Forest and Watershed Integrity....................... 162

Resources at Risk....................... 188

 

2-4. References....................... 200

 

2-5. Acknowledgments....................... 207

 

Appendix 2-A. Land Cover Classification: Accuracy Assessment....................... 208

 

 


List of Figures

               Page

2-1. Introduction

Figure 2-1. Map of New York–New Jersey Highlands study area....................... 46

2-2. Resource Assessment and Conservation Values

Forest and Timber

Figure 2-2. Map of forest lands and location of Forest Stewardship properties....................... 50

Forest Health

Figure 2-3. Map of 2001 gypsy moth defoliation in the New York–New Jersey Highlands region....................... 57

Forest Land Ownership

Figure 2-4. Distribution of private forest land ownerships and forest-land by size of
landholdings in the greater Highlands region of New Jersey and New York, 1991....................... 62

Figure 2-5. Ownership objectives of private forest land ownerships in the greater Highlands region of New Jersey and New York by a) number of ownerships and b) area, 1991....................... 63

Figure 2-6. Expected benefits of private forest land ownerships in the greater Highlands
region of New Jersey and New York by a) number of ownerships and b) area, 1991....................... 64

Biodiversity

Figure 2-7. Map of threatened and endangered animal species habitat....................... 70

Figure 2-8. Map of contiguous forest tracts classed by size distribution....................... 71

Figure 2-9. Map of threatened and endangered plant species habitat........................ 74

Figure 2-10. Map of significant natural communities....................... 78

Recreation

Figure 2-11. Map of public and privately owned open space in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 83

Figure 2-12. Visitor attendance at selected State and county parks in the New York–New
Jersey Highlands....................... 84

Figure 2-13. Comparison of visitor attendance at selected State and county parks in the New York–New Jersey Highlands vs. selected national parks....................... 85

Figure 2-14. Map of recreational trails, cultural and historic sites....................... 89

Figure 2-15. Map of important viewsheds........................ 90

Figure 2-16. Map of water-based recreation....................... 91

Figure 2-17. Map of camping and hunting areas....................... 92

Farmland

Figure 2-18. Map of agricultural resources in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 96

Conservation Values Assessment

Figure 2-19. Map of aquifer sensitivity with higher ranked areas denoting greater sensitivity
and resource importance....................... 102

Figure 2-20. Map of public water supply wellhead protection zones....................... 103

Figure 2-21. Map of riparian areas ranked by environmental quality....................... 104

Figure 2-22. Map of steep slopes....................... 105

Figure 2-23. Map of water resources conservation values assessment........................ 114

Figure 2-24. Map of biodiversity conservation values assessment........................ 115

Figure 2-25. Map of outdoor recreation and open space resources conservation values assessment........................ 116

Figure 2-26. Map of agricultural resources conservation values assessment........................ 117

Figure 2-27. Map of forest resources conservation values assessment........................ 118

Figure 2-28. Map of overall composite conservation values assessment....................... 119

 

2-3. Potential Changes and Resources at Risk

Population Growth

Figure 2-29. 2000 population density by municipality....................... 123

Figure 2-30. Percent change of population from 1990 to 2000 (by municipality)....................... 124

Future Change Scenarios – Build-Out Analysis and Econometric Modeling

Build-Out Analysis

Figure 2-31. Map of zoning density....................... 135

Figure 2-32. Map of constrained and available land under the low-constraint scenario....................... 136

Figure 2-33. Map of constrained and available land under the high-constraint scenario....................... 137

Figure 2-34. Map of population density by municipality at build-out under the low-constraint scenario....................... 138

Figure 2-35. Map of population density by municipality at build-out under the high-constraint scenario....................... 139

Figure 2-36. Map of percent population change necessary to reach build-out under the low-constraint scenario....................... 140

Figure 2-37. Map of percent population change necessary to reach build-out under the high-constraint scenario....................... 141

Econometric Analysis

Figure 2-38. Map of the four sub-regions used for the econometric analysis....................... 151

Figure 2-39. Map of likelihood of change according to the econometric analysis....................... 152


Possible Consequences of Future Change to Resources

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover

Figure 2-40. Map of land cover of the four State Highlands region....................... 159

Figure 2-41. Map of urbanization in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 161

Landscape Indicators of Forest and Watershed Integrity

Figure 2-42. Comparison of biological status of New Jersey Highlands stream sites to 140 nationwide NAWQA sites using an urban land use gradient....................... 164

Figure 2-43. Surface water quality scores vs. percent developed land cover for HUC 14
sub-watersheds.......................
166

Figure 2-44. Surface water quality scores vs. percent altered land cover for HUC 14
sub-watersheds.......................
166

Figure 2-45. Graph of percent unaltered land cover vs. housing unit density (hu/acre)....................... 167

Figure 2-46. Surface water quality scores vs. percent impervious surface cover for HUC 14
sub-watersheds.......................
169

Figure 2-47. Graph of percent impervious surface cover vs. housing unit density (hu/acre). ....................... 170

Figure 2-48. Forest interior dependent bird species richness vs. the percent forest area for Breeding Bird Atlas data blocks....................... 175

Figure 2-49. Percent forest and interior forest vs. housing unit density (hu/acre) ....................... 175

Figure 2-50. Percent altered land cover for New York–New Jersey Highlands HUC 11 watersheds: 1972, 1984, 1995, 2000....................... 178

Figure 2-51. Estimated changes in percent altered land at build-out....................... 179

Figure 2-52. Percent impervious cover for New York–New Jersey Highlands HUC 11 watersheds: 1984, 1995, 2000....................... 180

Figure 2-53. Estimated changes in percent impervious surface at build-out....................... 181

Figure 2-54. Percent altered riparian zones for New York–New Jersey Highlands HUC 11 watersheds: 1984, 1995, 2000....................... 182

Figure 2-55. Estimated changes in percent altered riparian zones at build-out....................... 183

Figure 2-56. Percent interior forest for New York–New Jersey Highlands HUC 11 watersheds: 1984, 1995, 2000....................... 184

Figure 2-57. Estimated changes in percent interior forest at build-out....................... 185

Figure 2-58. Estimated changes in prime forest habitat at build-out....................... 186

Resources at Risk

Figure 2-59. Map of public open space overlaid on the conservation values assessment highlighting gaps in conservation protection....................... 192

Figure 2-60. Map of conservation focal areas....................... 197

Figure 2-61. Map of composite conservation values assessment cross-tabulated with the likelihood of change....................... 199

Appendix 2-A

Figure 2-62. Map of 1995 and 2000 land cover accuracy assessment points....................... 210


List of Tables

                        Page

2-2. Resource Assessment and Conservation Values

Forest and Timber

Table 2-1. FIA data for New York–New Jersey Highlands counties: dominant forest types
....................... 51

Table 2-2. FIA data for New York–New Jersey Highlands counties: timberland, total forested and net volume total stock....................... 52

Table 2-3. FIA data for New York–New Jersey Highlands counties: net growth and annual removals of growing stock and sawtimber........................ 53

Biodiversity

Table 2-4. Rank of animal species based on Federal and State protection status........................ 66

Table 2-5. Species with special status in New York State for which specific models have
been created as part of the Landscape Project........................ 68

Table 2-6. Number of listed animal and plant species by State for the Highlands region....................... 69

Table 2-7. Acreage in the Highlands region that provides animal habitat for listed species in peril....................... 69

Table 2-8. Acreage in the Highlands region that represents habitat for listed plant species in peril....................... 73

Table 2-9. Biodiversity ranks for vegetation community data....................... 75

Table 2-10. Acreage of the Highlands region that comprises important ecological communities....................... 76

Recreation

Table 2-11. Area of public and privately owned conservation and other publicly owned
lands....................... 81

Conservation Values Assessment

Table 2-12. Input GIS data layers to the conservation values assessment: source and scale

....................... 99

Table 2-13. Weighting scheme and criteria for water resources....................... 101

Table 2-14. Weighting scheme and criteria for biodiversity....................... 106

Table 2-15. Weighting scheme and criteria for recreation and open space....................... 108

Table 2-16. Weighting scheme and criteria for farmland....................... 109

Table 2-17. Weighting scheme and criteria for forest land....................... 111

Table 2-18. Highlands conservation values assessment for five resource types: water, biodiversity, recreation, farmland and forest; in area (acres) and percent of total New York–New Jersey Highlands area....................... 111

2-3. Potential Changes and Resources at Risk

Population Growth

Table 2-19. Highlands population change: 1990 to 2000....................... 122

Table 2-20. Smallest municipalities in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 122

Table 2-21. Largest municipalities in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 122

Table 2-22. Most densely populated municipalities in the New York–New Jersey Highlands....................... 122

Table 2-23. Highlands demographic trends, 1990-2000:  population number, gender, age, and racial characteristics....................... 126

Table 2-24. Highlands housing trends, 1990-2000:  occupied and owner-occupied housing............ ....................... 127

Future Change Scenarios – Build-Out Analysis and Econometric Modeling

Build-Out Analysis

Table 2-25. Results of build-out analysis....................... 133

Econometric Analysis

Table 2-26. Description of the 28 variables included in the initial explorations for the econometric analyses....................... 145

Table 2-27. Descriptive statistics of the variables used in the econometric analyses....................... 146

Table 2-28. Logit parameter estimates for change in agricultural and forest lands in the New York Highlands region between 1995 and 2000....................... 149

Table 2-29. Logit parameter estimates for change in agricultural and forest lands in the New Jersey Highlands region between 1995 and 2000....................... 150

Possible Consequences of Future Change to Resources

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover

Table 2-30. Classification scheme used in land use and land cover mapping....................... 154

Table 2-31. Land use categories (11 classes)....................... 155

Table 2-32. New York–New Jersey Highlands land cover trends (acres)....................... 158

Table 2-33. New York–New Jersey Highlands:  land cover changes....................... 158

Landscape Indicators of Forest and Watershed Integrity

Table 2-34. List of selected forest interior breeding birds....................... 173

Resources at Risk

Table 2-35. Percent of each conservation values assessment class broken down by zoning....................... ....................... 189

Table 2-36. Conservation values assessment gap analysis....................... 193

Table 2-37. Cross-tabulation of conservation values assessment and likelihood of land use change....................... 198

Appendix 2-A

Table 2-38A and B. 1995 New Jersey Level I accuracy assessment....................... 214

Table 2-39A. 1995 New Jersey Level II accuracy assessment....................... 215

Table 2-39B. 1995 New Jersey Level II accuracy assessment....................... 216

Table 2-40A and B. 1995 New York Level I accuracy assessment....................... 217

Table 2-41A. 1995 New York Level II accuracy assessment....................... 218

Table 2-41B. 1995 New York Level II accuracy assessment....................... 219

 


List of Appendixes

 

                        Page

Appendix 2-A. Land Cover Classification:  Accuracy Assessment....................... 208

 


Section 3. Ecomap Component

Compiled by John G. Barbour, Hudsonia; Constance Carpenter, USDA Forest Service; James Dunn, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry; Stephanie Diamond, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; and Dave MacFarlane, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry

Table of Contents

                        Page

List of Figures....................... xvi

List of Tables....................... xix

List of Appendixes....................... xxi

3-1. Background....................... 220

3-2. Land Type Association Descriptions....................... 234

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 01....................... 235

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 02....................... 239

Land Type Association (LTA)  221 Ae 03....................... 243

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 04....................... 247

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 05....................... 251

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 06....................... 255

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Ae 07....................... 258

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Am 01....................... 262

Land Type Association (LTA) 221 Am 02....................... 266

3-3. References....................... 270

Appendixes....................... 273


List of Figures

                        Page

3-1. Background

Figure 3-1. Location of the New York–New Jersey Highlands study area........................ 220

Figure 3-2. Ecological classification and mapping (a.k.a. ECOMAP) is one component of the Highland’s study........................ 221

Figure 3-3. Ecological classification is a powerful tool for ecosystem-based analysis when used within a geographic information management system (Carpenter and Smith, 1995)........................ 223

Figure 3-4. The progressive coding system of the National Hierarchical Framework of Ecological units identifies areas of increasingly similar ecological potential (Cleland and others 1997). Subsections in the Lower New England Section are: 221 Aa Boston Basin, 221 Ab Cape Cod Coastal Lowland and Islands, 221 Ac Narragansett/Bristol Lowland and Island, 221 Ad Southern New England Coastal Lowland, 221 Ae New York-New Jersey Hudson Highlands, 221 Af Lower Connecticut River Valley, 221 Ag Southeast New England Coastal Hills and Plains, 221 Ah, Worcester/Monadnock Plateau, 221 Ai Gulf of Maine Coastal Plain, 221 Ak Gulf of Maine Coastal Lowland, 221 Al Sebago/Ossipee Hills and Plain, and 221 Am Reading Prong........................ 225

Figure 3-5. Nine Land Type Associations (LTA) have been mapped in the New York–New Jersey Highlands ECOMAP project area.  Each LTA can be further subdivided into smaller ecological units for local planning........................ 226

Figure 3-6. Glacial erratics on the east summit of Storm King Mountain.  Photo by John G. Barbour, 1996........................ 227

Figure 3-7. Rivers and streams in the ECOMAP project area........................ 228

Figure 3-8. Land use in the ECOMAP project area........................ 229

3-2 Land Type Association Descriptions

Figure 3-9. View north from the Bearfort fire tower on Bearfort Mountain in Newark’s Pequannock Watershed, West Milford Township, New Jersey.  Photo by George M. Aronson........................ 235

Figure 3-10. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 01........................ 236

Figure 3-11. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 01........................ 237

Figure 3-12. High knob of Schunemunk Mountain showing tilted sandstone and conglomerate rock beds.  Photo by Anita F. Barbour, 2002........................ 238

Figure 3-13. Forested land surrounding the Wanaque Reservoir, Passaic County, New Jersey. Photo by George M. Aronson........................ 239

Figure 3-14. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 02........................ 240

Figure 3-15. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 02........................ 241

Figure 3-16. Hardwood forest growing in rocky soil in thin gneiss derived till.  Photo by Dave MacFarlane........................ 242

Figure 3-17. Forest, farm and residential land in the Vernon Valley as seen from Wawayanda Mountain, Sussex County, New Jersey.  Photo by George M. Aronson........................ 243

Figure 3-18. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 03........................ 244

Figure 3-19. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 03........................ 245

Figure 3-20. Cattail marsh on a dammed and flooded alluvial plain.  Photo reprinted from MacFarlane and Dunn, 2002........................ 246

Figure 3-21. Jenny Jump Mountain as seen from Ghost Lake in Jenny Jump State Forest, Warren County, New Jersey.  Photo by George Aronson........................ 247

Figure 3-22. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 04........................ 248

Figure 3-23. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 04........................ 249

Figure 3-24. Stunted oak, birch and cherry trees growing on a gneiss rock outcrop.  Photo reprinted from MacFarlane and Dunn (2002)........................ 250

Figure 3-25. View south from Bull Pond Mountain West Point shows the dissected plateau extending southwest.  Photo by John G. Barbour.  May 1997........................ 251

Figure 3-26. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 05........................ 252

Figure 3-27. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 05........................ 253

Figure 3-28. Forest under story, Sterling Forest State Park, New York.  Photo by George Aronson........................ 254

Figure 3-29. Tidal marsh at Iona Island with slope of Dunderberg Mountain in the background. Photo by John G. Barbour, 1999........................ 254

Figure 3-30. Low relief landscape, Putnam County, New York.  Photo by Jeff Wiegert....................... 255

Figure 3-31. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 06........................ 256

Figure 3-32. Oak forest, Putnam County, New York.  Photo by Jeff Weigert........................ 256

Figure 3-33. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 06........................ 257

Figure 3-34. Ramapo River near Sloatsburg, New York. Photo by Arlene Miller........................ 258

Figure 3-35. Location map of LTA 221 Ae 07........................ 259

Figure 3-36. Attributes of LTA 221 Ae 07........................ 260

Figure 3-37. Alluvial plain on the Ramapo River.  Photo by Martina Hoppe, 2003........................ 261

Figure 3-38. Fractured bedrock in South Branch of Raritan River, Ken Lockwood Gorge, Hunterdon County, New Jersey.  Photo by Dave MacFarlane........................ 262

Figure 3-39. Location map of LTA 221 Am 01........................ 263

Figure 3-40. Attributes of LTA 221 Am 01........................ 264

Figure 3-41. Spring flooding on a moderately poorly drained gneiss till slope.  Photo reprinted from MacFarlane and Dunn, 2002........................ 265

Figure 3-42. A farm in Long Valley on a well-drained limestone till slope.  Photo reprinted from MacFarlane and Dunn, 2002........................ 266

Figure 3-43. Location map of LTA 221 Am 02........................ 267

Figure 3-44. Attributes of LTA 221 Am 02........................ 268

Figure 3-45. Oak-beech-hemlock forest on a moderately well-drained limestone till slope.  Photo reprinted from MacFarlane and Dunn, 2002........................ 269


List of Tables

                        Page

3-1. Background

Table 3-1. USDA Forest Service National Hierarchical Framework of Ecological Units supports ecosystem based planning at multiple scales. (adapted from Cleland and others, 1997)........................ 222

Table 3-2. Land type associations in the New York-New Jersey Highlands subsection........................ 231

Table 3-3. Land type associations in the Reading Prong subsection........................ 233

Appendixes

Table 3-A. Distribution (acres) of land by aspect for Land Type Associations in the New York–New Jersey Highlands Subsection 221 Ae and the Reading Prong Subsection 221 Am
(NYS DEC 2000)........................ 273

Table 3-B. Distribution (acres) of land by percent slope for Land Type Associations (LTA) in the New York–New Jersey Highlands Subsection 221 Ae and Reading Prong Subsection 221 Am (NYS DEC 2000)........................ 274

Table 3-C. Distribution (acres) of land by elevation class for Land Type Associations (LTA) in the New York–New Jersey Highlands Subsection 221 Ae and Reading Prong Subsection 221 Am (NYS DEC 2000)........................ 275

Table 3–D. Distribution (acres) of land by bedrock composition for Land Type Associations (LTA) in the New York–New Jersey Highlands Subsection 221 Ae and Reading Prong 221 Am. (N.J. Geological Survey 2000; NYS Museum / NYS Geological Survey 1992)........................ 276

Table 3-E. Distribution (acres) of land by surface geology class for Land Type Associations (LTA) in the New York–New Jersey Highlands 221 Ae and Reading Prong 221 Am
(NJ Geological Survey, 1990; NYS Museum/NYS Geological Survey 1999)........................ 277

Table 3-F. Distribution (percent) of land cover and land use for Land Type Associations (LTA) in the New York–New Jersey Highlands Subsections 221 Ae and the Reading Prong Subsection 221 Am (CRSSA 2002)........................ 278

Table 3-G.1. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Bearfort, Kanouse, Bellevale, and Schunemunk Mountains Land Type Association 221 Ae 01 in New Jersey and New York. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 280

Table 3-G.2. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Rockaway Highlands Land Type Association 221 Ae 02 in New Jersey and New York (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 281

Table 3-G.3. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the New Jersey Highlands Valleys Land Type Association 221 Ae 03 in New Jersey and New York. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 282

Table 3-G.4.  Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Jenny Jump Mountain Land Type Association 221 Ae 04 in New Jersey. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 283

Table 3-G.5. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the New York Hudson Highlands Land Type Association 221 Ae 05 in New York. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 283

Table 3-G.6. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Putnam Uplands Land Type Association 221 Ae 06 in New York. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 284

Table 3-G.7. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the New York Highlands Valleys Land Type Association 221 Ae 07 in New York. (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 284

Table 3-G.8. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Parker-Edneyville Highlands Land Type Association 221 Am 01 in New Jersey (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 285

Table 3-G.9. Distribution (acres) of STATSGO soil map units (MU) in the Musconetcong and Upper Raritan Valley Land Type Association 221 Am 01 in New Jersey (USDA NRCS 1994)........................ 285

Table 3-H. Characteristics and taxonomy of soils found in Land Type Associations of the New York-New Jersey Highlands ECOMAP project area. (Source USDA NRCS 2001)........................ 286

Table 3-I.1. List of vascular plants........................ 298

Table 3-I.2. List of vertebrates........................ 300

Table 3-J. State-listed rare plants of the New York portion of the New York–New Jersey ECOMAP project area.  Annotated with Land Type Association Codes by J. G. Barbour........................ 301

Table 3-K. A first approximation of United States National Vegetation Classification System forest communities (NVCS) (Lundgren 2000 and Lundgren 2001) and comparable State Natural Heritage Communities (Edinger 2002, Reschke 1990) compiled for the Land Type Associations (LTAs) that occur in the New York Hudson Highlands Subsection 221Ae in New York State. (Barbour 2002)........................ 307


List of Appendixes

                        Page

Appendix 3-A. Land Aspect....................... 273

Appendix 3-B. Slope....................... 274

Appendix 3-C. Elevation....................... 275

Appendix 3-D. Bedrock....................... 276

Appendix 3-E. Surficial Geology....................... 277

Appendix 3-F. New York–New Jersey Highlands Region 200 Level 3 Land Cover Data........................ 278

Appendix 3-G. STATSGO soil units........................ 280

Appendix 3-H. Soil Series Characteristics....................... 286

Appendix 3-I. Listing of species by common name and scientific (Latin) name........................ 298

Appendix 3-J. Rare species....................... 301

Appendix 3-K. United States National Vegetation Classification System........................ 307

Appendix 3-L. Glossary of terms....................... 314